Depth conversion Totally Explained

Everything about Depth Conversion totally explained

Depth conversion is an important step of the seismic reflection method, which converts the acoustic wave travel time to actual depth, based on the acoustic velocity of subsurface medium (sediments, rocks, water).
Depth conversion integrates several sources of information about the suburface velocity to derive a three dimensional velocity model:

"Well tops", for example, depth of geological layers encountered in oil and gas wells
Velocity measurements made in oil and gas wells
Empirical knowledge about the velocities of the rocks in the area investigated
Root Mean Square (RMS) stacking velocities which are derived from the processing of the seismic reflection data

This conversion permits to produce depth and thickness maps of subsurface layers interpreted on seismic reflection data. These maps are crucial in hydrocarbon exploration because they permit the volumetric evaluation of gas or oil in place. In the example subsurface map presented below, depth increases from red to blue. The highest zone in red is an oilfield at approximately 3000 m below sea level.

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